Picnic table with movable benches

• Cut nine 2x8 surface boards to 72 inches. Cut one 2x8 table center cleat to 37-1/4 inches and two 2x12 bench center cleats to 14-3/4 inches.
• Cut two 2x6 upper table supports to 37-1/4 inches and two lower supports to 35. Cut four 2x4 upper bench supports to 14-3/4 inches and four lower supports to 14.
• Start table legs from four 33-inch 2x6 blanks, bench legs from eight 17-1/2-inch 2x4 blanks, table braces from two 34-inch 2x6 blanks and bench braces from four 28-1/2-inch 2x4 blanks.

Check: All 42 wooden pieces have labeled blanks matching the cut list and measured stock.

• Use the broad-face coordinates in the cut-profile drawing. Table legs have parallel 15-degree miters, a 30-inch vertical rise, 31 1/16-inch long edges and a 32 9/16-inch stock envelope. Bench legs have parallel 10-degree miters, a 16-1/2-inch rise, 16 3/4-inch long edges and a 17 3/8-inch stock envelope.
• Mirror the assembled leg positions so all feet bear level.

Check: Four table legs and eight bench legs match their paired profiles and lie flat at both ends.

• Transfer the narrow 1-1/2-inch edge profiles to both sides of each blank. Keep the broad face running across its table or bench. Finished envelopes are 33 7/16 inches for table braces and 27 7/8 inches for bench braces.
• Cut through the full board width. Set the upper-end bevels 52.322 degrees from square for the table and 70.286 degrees for each bench.
• Use a clamped layout with a guided handsaw or bandsaw if the bevel exceeds your saw's adjustment range.
• Finish to the lines and dry-fit the vertical lower and horizontal upper bearing faces.

Check: All six braces match the narrow-edge profiles and dry-fit against their receivers.

• On a flat surface, set each leg pair to a 38-inch outside foot span. Place upper supports against the inside leg faces, with their bottom edges 24-1/2 inches and top edges 30 inches above the ground datum. Lower supports run from 6 to 11-1/2 inches above ground.
• Keep the legs and supports clamped while drilling.

Check: Both table frames have a 38-in foot span and supports at the shown heights.

• Set each bench leg pair to a 16-inch outside foot span. Upper supports sit against inside leg faces from 13 to 16-1/2 inches above ground. Lower supports run from 4 to 7-1/2 inches. Build two matching end frames per bench.

Check: All four bench frames have a 16-in foot span and supports at the shown heights.

• Drill two holes through each upper leg/support joint and two through each lower joint. Use 7/16-inch clearance holes for the table’s sixteen 3/8 x 4-inch carriage bolts and 5/16-inch holes for the benches’ thirty-two 1/4 x 4-inch bolts.
• Follow the height and centerline offsets in the drilling drawing, mirrored across each unit. Place heads on outside leg faces and one washer beneath each inside locknut. Seat the heads without crushing the wood and leave joints snug until final squaring.

Check: All 48 carriage bolts pass through clamped matching members with washers and locknuts installed.

• With a helper, set each matching frame pair 60 inches apart between outside leg faces. The supports lie 27 to 28-1/2 inches from either side of the length midpoint; outside leg faces are 30 inches from the midpoint. Temporarily brace each unit with scrap.
• Center its horizontal cleat across and along the unit; the table cleat underside is 28-1/2 inches high and each bench cleat underside is 15 inches high.

Check: The three units stand temporarily braced with outside leg faces 60 in apart.

• Seat each vertical lower brace cut against the inside face of its lower support and its horizontal upper cut beneath the center cleat.
• Use twenty-four #10 x 2-1/2-inch exterior screws, two at each brace end. For the table, lower screw heads sit 28-1/2 inches from the length midpoint and 9 1/4 inches above ground; drive them toward the center. Upper heads sit 2 1/4 inches from the midpoint and 30 inches above ground; drive them down.
• Place each pair 1 3/8 inches either side of the width centerline. For each bench, lower heads sit 28-1/2 inches from the length midpoint and 6 5/8 inches above ground; upper heads sit 4 1/4 inches from the midpoint and 16 1/2 inches above ground.
• Place each pair 7/8 inch either side of the bench centerline. Predrill and keep heads flush. Do not substitute longer screws at the tapered ends.

Check: All brace ends bear fully; 24 screws are seated flush without exposed tips.

• Set five table boards with four 1/4-inch gaps and two boards on each bench with one 1/4-inch gap. Align the 72-inch ends and center each board on its frames, leaving 6 inches beyond each outer leg face.
• Compare diagonals and clamp. At each of nine boards, fit two #10 x 2-1/2-inch screws over each upper support and two over the center cleat, 54 screws total.
• Drive the screws vertically at the length midpoint and 27 3/4 inches to either side. Put the pair 1-7/8 inches from the board’s long edges.

Check: Five tabletop boards and four seat boards have aligned ends, 1/4-in gaps and 54 seated screws.

• Set each unit on a known flat surface and check that all four feet bear evenly. Compare diagonals, tighten the 48 locknuts without crushing the lumber, and check bearing faces and screw tips.
• Remove temporary bracing after the boards secure the frames, then check resistance to hand racking. Ease exposed edges and sand splinters.
• Apply the selected exterior finish to prepared wood and cut ends, following its coverage, coat and curing directions.

Check: Each unit bears on four feet, has matching diagonals and snug joints without crushed wood.

• Start with each bench centerline 32 inches from the table centerline, leaving 6 inches between table and seat edges. Adjust for the users on firm, level ground.
• Lift an unloaded bench with a helper and check all four feet after moving it. These independent benches do not fold, roll or fit beneath the table.
• Keep the 6-inch end overhang clear of standing loads. Recheck and tighten joints after the wood settles and seasonally; replace damaged parts before use.

Check: Both unloaded benches sit on firm level ground; joints and fasteners are accessible for reinspection.